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Lesson A
| Simple Past |
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | worked lived | in Singapore in 2018. |
| Use the simple past to talk about finished actions and events. Add -ed to regular verbs to form the simple past. |
Regular verbs include:
arrive - arrived need - needed
help - helped pack - packed
learn - leamed ...
Spelling rules:
Add -ed to most verbs. There are some exceptions:
• Two-syllable verbs ending with -y: study - studied (not studyed)
• Verbs ending with -e: like - liked, live - lived
• Double the last consonant with verbs ending in a consonant-vowel-consonant: stop - stopped, prefer - preferred
• For verbs with more than one syllable, if the final syllable is not stressed, we do not double the last consonant: visit - visited
Some verbs are irregular (such as go and fly). Do not add -ed.
| I / You / He / She / It / We / They | went flew | to Singapore in 2018. |
Other irregular verbs include:
buy - bought pay - paid
eat - ate is - was
have - had are - were
know - knew ...
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| Negative Statements |
| I | didn't | live go | in Singapore. to Hà Nội. |
| Yes/No Questions | Answers |
| Did | I / you / he / she / it/ we / they | live go | there? | Yes, we did. No, we didn't. |
| Wh- Questions | Answers |
| Where How long When | did you go | on vacation last year? | To Cancun. For 2 weeks. In the summer. |
| Simple Past of Be |
| Affirmative Statements |
| I / He / She / It You / We / They | was were | tired last night. |
| Use was / were to talk about the past: I am / He is→ I was / He was They are → They were |
| Negative Statements |
| I / He / She / It You / We / They | wasn't weren't | tired last night. |
| Yes/No Questions | Short Answers |
| Was Were | I / he / she / it you / we / they | tired last night? | Yes, I was./No, I wasn't. Yes, we were. / No, they weren't. |
| Wh- Questions | Answers |
| How Why | was were | your weekend? you late? | It was great! I was busy at work. |
A Complete the travel diary. Write the simple past of the words in parentheses.
Day 1 _Arrived_ (arrive) in Dar es Salaam. __________ (check) into hotel. __________ (unpack) suitcases. Went swimming.
Day 2 __________ (take) boat to the island of Zanzibar.
Days 3-5 __________ (sunbathe) on the beach. __________ (go) diving.
Day 6 __________ (fly) to Arusha. Saw Kilimanjaro. It's BIG!
Days 7 __________ (return) to Arusha. __________ (buy) souvenirs. Took plane to Dar es Salaam and then flew home. Great trip!
B 🎧29 Complete the questions for these answers. Then listen and check your answers.
1. A: When __did you go to__ Beijing?
B: We went to Beijing in 2015.
2. A: How long ____________ at the hotel?
B: I stayed at the hotel for two weeks.
3. A: ____________ your friends?
B: No, I didn't visit my friends. I visited my family.
4. A: ____________ to?
B: We flew to Hà Nội.
5. A: ____________ good time?
B: Yes, I did. I had a really good time.
C Complete the blanks with the past tense of the verb to be.
1. I ____________ (be) in Australia last week.
2. We ____________ (not, be) at the hotel before 11 p.m.
3. She ____________ (not, be) in Ho Chi Minh City last month.
4. They ____________ (be) at the station this morning.
5. The tickets ____________ (not, be) in her hands when she turned around.
6. What ____________ (be) in the box? - A gift from our tour guide.
7. ____________ (be) the passport on the table when you saw him?
8. Where ____________ (be) you last night?
Lesson C
| Passive Voice in the Simple Past |
| Affirmative Statements | This photo was taken on my trip to Japan. |
| Negative Statements | It wasn't printed then. |
| Wh-Questions | Where was this postcard sent from? |
| Yes/No Questions | Were they greeted at the hotel? |
| Short Answers | Yes, they were. | No, they weren't. |
D Complete the blanks with the passive voice of the verbs in parentheses.
1. The trip ____________ (organize) by a great company last year.
2. These photos ____________ (take) by another visitor.
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3. In their class, the students ____________ (teach) about how to travel safely in Việt Nam.
4. This church ____________ (mention) in many travel guides in 2020.
5. These souvenirs ____________ (buy) on my trip to Germany in 1990.
B Complete the blanks with the active or passive voice of the verbs in parentheses.
A: How was your vacation?
B: It was great. We (1) ____________ (travel) to a totally new destination.
A: How did you find out about it?
B: It (2) ____________ (introduce) to us by a friend of mine. He has a small hotel there.
A: Awesome. What was so special about the trip?
B: Since his hotel (3) ____________ (not advertise) much, we couldn't get there by ourselves. In fact, my friend (4) ____________ (meet) us at an exit from the highway to show us the way. Then we (5) ____________ (lead) through a forest! You know, that route (6) ____________ (not know) even to many local people. When we arrived there, we immediately fell in love with the hotel. It (7) ____________ (located) on a beautiful beach.
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